"This eleventh edition of the World Prison Population List gives details of the number of prisoners held in 223 prison systems in independent countries and dependent territories. Research has shown that some criminals cannot be rehabilitated, but many can. Beyond the original structure developed by data artist Josh Begley, the authors of this years report are particularly indebted to Jordan Miner, Matt Mitchell, and Peter Wagner for helping us upgrade the technology in this report and to the Institute for Crime & Justice Policy Research for aggregating comparable world incarceration data in the invaluable World Prison Brief. Being locked up in prison is a hard thing to live through. The five tables are: AfricaNorthern, Western, Central, Eastern, and Southern; AmericasNorth, Central, Caribbean, and South; AsiaWestern, Central, South Central, South Eastern, and Eastern; EuropeNorthern, Southern, Western, Central and Eastern, and Europe/Asia; and Oceania. Between 2001 and 2014, the state prisoner average annual mortality rate was 256 per 100,000. [26] If all prisoners are counted (including juvenile, territorial, ICE, Indian country, and military), then in 2008 the USA had around 24.7% of the world's 9.8 million prisoners. The U.S. ranked 12th in death sentences known to have been imposed. or compare just the U.S. with its peers. The five countries with the most executions are Iran (388+), Iraq (120+), Saudi Arabia (69+), the United States (52), and China, which executed more people than the rest of the world combined, according to same report by Amnesty International. El Salvador has many people in prison due to its ongoing gang crisis, and Turkmenistan puts people in prison for objecting to the government and following the wrong religion. May 13, 2012 - 3:00 pm. [28][26] This incarceration rate was similar to the average incarceration levels in the Soviet Union during the existence of the infamous Gulag system, when the Soviet Union's population reached 168 million, and 1.2 to 1.5 million people were in the Gulag prison camps and colonies (i.e. . 2015: At least 25 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2015. The study found incarceration rates are growing rapidly there are now 36,000 prisoners in Australia, up 39 per cent from a decade ago. Kansas At least 527 executions were carried out in 2010. They are not typically included in the official statistics that aggregate data about prison and jails for the simple reason that these facilities are largely separate from the state and local systems of adult prisons and jails. (For more on how we calculated violent crime for the 98 countries and the scarcity of alternative measures, see the methodology.). At least 607 executions were carried out in 2014. [35] The black imprisonment rate of South Africa could not have come close to todays American rate simply due to limited room. [36] In the Huffington Post piece "Mass Incarceration's Failure", attorney Antonio Moore states "The incarceration rate for young black men ages 20 to 39, is nearly 10,000 per 100,000. These people can get out, but only if they can afford to do so by posting bail, which can be pricey. 2005: In 2005, there were at least 2,148 executions in 22 countries around the world. Putting a lot of people in prison can encourage even more to end up there, as generational crime is started. The 18 countries that carried out executions remained the lowest since Amnesty began its record-keeping. Martnez, however, estimates the total number of prisoners in custody today to be around 100,000 people, a staggering figure for a country of 6.5 million. Marshals Service publish population-level data more frequently than the Bureau of Justice Statistics publishes state-level incarceration data. In 2016, well over 10 million people were serving prison sentences throughout the world for various crimes. The U.S. ranked 12th in death sentences known to have been imposed. In fact, the prison population has grown so considerably in a relatively short time period that prisons are dealing with a serious overcrowding problem, a key cause of poor living conditions and increased violence. Why do some countries have so many people in prison? Countries with the Most Death Sentences in 2020**, ** Death-sentencing totals not known for Iran, Kenya, North Korea, Somalia, and Syria. There are more than 10.35 million people incarcerated throughout the world with the most being in the United States--more than 2.2 million. California [16], Comparing other countries with similar percentages of immigrants, Germany has a rate of 78 per 100,000 (as of 2017),[13] Italy is 96 per 100,000 (as of 2018),[17] and Saudi Arabia is 197 per 100,000 (as of 2017). The U.S. holds 30% of the worlds incarcerated women. Overall, the incarceration rate in the U.S. has skyrocketed in the past decadethe prison population was a mere 200,000 in 1972, less than a tenth of today's total. About half of federal offenders in one study conducted by the United States Sentencing Commission (USSC) took less than two years to be arrested again, once they got out of jail. [23] In a 2010 interview Harry Wu, a U.S.-based human rights activist and ex-Chinese labor camp prisoner, estimates that "in the last 60 years, more than 4050 million people" were in Chinese labor camps,[24] but that period includes the mass incarcerations of the 1950s or the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) and is not representative of China in 2010. View in new tab. According to Bureau of Justice Statistics data, the. Russia's is 475 prisoners per . It is worth noting the federal data comes from 2020 and 2021, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, while state data reflect an earlier time period. [6] This left America with the second-largest prison population, behind China, and the sixth-highest incarceration rate. [4][5] By the end of 2020, the U.S. prison and jail population had decreased to 1,675,400, with an incarceration rate of 505 per 100,000 people. This figure does not include the thousands of executions that were believed to be carried out in China. To make the comparisons more meaningful to U.S. states, weve chosen to include only independent nations with total populations of more than 500,000 people. Tennessee 20 countries were known to have carried out judicial executions in 2018. For example, from March 2020 to March 2021, the Federal BOP population decreased by 14%, but since March 25th 2021, it has steadily increased. The 25 executions in the U.S. were the seventh most of any nation. But how does the U.S. compare to countries that have stable democratic governments and comparable crime rates? Death sentences soared in the South Asian nations of Bangladesh (at least 181), India (144), and Pakistan (at least 129), up from 113+, 77, and 49+ in 2020. New York [2] The US had 2,173,800 prisoners in adult facilities in 2015. The UN says that, as of 4 July, more than 5.2 million refugees from Ukraine have been recorded across Europe. In an ideal world, we would have used a measure like that of the U.S. National Crime Victimization Survey, which is based on actual victimization, to investigate the relationship between incarceration rates and public safety. Based on the BJS release, 24/7 Wall St. identified the states that send the most people to prison. Alex Lockie. Therefore, these population counts may reflect decarceration efforts taking place across correctional facilities during the pandemic, while the state prison and local jail populations used in this report are from prior to the pandemic. Research has shown that putting a high percentage of a nation's population in prison has a negative impact on society as a whole, perpetuating a cycle of crime and violence that is generational. Are you interested in testing our business solutions? In one, a detainee drew back the . The typical mandatory sentence for a first-time drug offense in federal court is five or ten years, compared to other developed countries around the world where a first time offense would warrant at most 6 months in jail. The U.S. prison population rate is highest in the world, at 716 per 100,000 of the national population, according to the International Centre for Prison Studies. These prisons are actually en route to being phased out because it has been found that in order to maximize profits, these prisons are regularly understaffed and provided little in the way of correctional services meant to help prisoners from ending up back in prison after they have completed their sentence. "[41], OECD incarceration rate by country. Explore more crossword clues and answers by clicking on the results or quizzes. As at 30 June 2021, Victoria had a rate of 109 prisoners per 100,000 people. All Prison Policy Initiative reports are collaborative endeavors, but this report builds on the successful collaborations of the 2014, 2016, and 2018 versions. Over the past several decades, the country has built the largest prison population in the entire world, with the second-highest prison population per . There were fewer than 15 professional judges per 100 000 inhabitants in eleven EU Member States (the Netherlands, Cyprus, Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Malta, Sweden, Czechia, Spain and Austria). Nor, for that matter, does capital punishment, commonly known as the death penalty. The national death-row population has declined for 20 consecutive years, as sentence reversals, executions, and deaths by other causes are outpacing new death sentences. The data used in our analysis therefore reflect the rate of crime events as reported to police by type of crime. We included these confined populations in the total incarceration rate of the United States and, wherever state-level data made it possible, in state incarceration rates. This number is equivalent to roughly 25% of the world's total prison population and leads to an incarceration rate of 629 people per 100,000the highest rate in the world. This figure does not include the thousands of executions that were believed to be carried out in China. Worldwide, the United States of America had the highest imprisonment rate in 2021, at 629 prisoners per 100,000 people. [1] According to the World Prison Population List (11th edition) there were around 10.35 million people in penal institutions worldwide in 2015. We also aggregated the total incarcerated and total population data for the three separate nations of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Island, into the one member of NATO, the United Kingdom. Next to our closest international peers, our use of incarceration is off the charts: Figure 2. New Hampshire Its complicated. Others struggle with violent crime1 on a scale far beyond that in the U.S.: South Africa, Panama, Costa Rica, and Brazil all have murder rates2 more than double that of the U.S. North Carolina Delaware Most are in the Middle East: In 2017 Qatar had the highest emissions at 49 tonnes (t) per person, followed by Trinidad and Tobago (30t); Kuwait (25t); United Arab Emirates (25t); Brunei (24t); Bahrain (23t) and Saudi Arabia (19t). As a result, incarceration has become the nations default response to crime, with, for example, 70 percent of convictions resulting in confinement far more than other developed nations with comparable crime rates.4 Our new analysis of incarceration rates and crime rates across the world reveals that the U.S.s high incarceration rates are not a rational response to high crime rate, but rather a politically expedient response to public fears and perceptions about crime and violence. 154. We compared the incarceration rates of countries and U.S. states against violent crime, which we calculated based on four categories of offense typesmurder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape and sexual violence, robbery, and aggravated and serious assault that have available data across 98 countries with populations over 500,000 and the U.S. states. The US, El Salvador, and Turkmenistan have the three highest rates of incarceration in the world, for varying reasons. This report relies on the most recent available data. However, the U.S. may actually also rank behind Vietnam. Rhode Island Amnesty International recorded at least 690 executions worldwide in 2018, a 31% decline from the 993 executions it recorded in 2017 and 58% below the 25-year-high total of 1,634 reported executions in 2015. people in federal prison from each state. Data is from World Prison Brief.[1]. California has 253.7. The state imprisons more of its people, per head, than any of its U.S. counterparts. U.S. states by incarceration rate under state prison or local jail jurisdiction per 100,000 population. Note: The table is initially in descending order for rate per 100,000 of all ages. The same four countries accounted for 87% of the worlds confirmed executions in 2016. UK AND REST OF WORLD England and Wales have the highest per capita prison population in Western Europe - 143 people per 100,000. It sounded the national alarm about the threat of coronavirus to jails and prisons with its March 2020 report No need to wait for pandemics: The public health case for criminal justice reform, and its data-driven coverage of the pandemic behind bars continues to advance the national movement to protect incarcerated people from COVID-19. Prison population rates are measured as the number of prisoners per 100,000 people in a population. For the 50 U.S. states, we calculated incarceration rates per 100,000 total population that reflect our holistic view of confinement, which include: The raw data is available in two appendices Appendix 1: State Data and Appendix 2: Country Data and the individual sources were as follows: A note about how the pandemic impacted our data. For the U.S. national and state violent crime data, we used the combined rates of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape/sexual violence, robbery, and aggravated/serious assault per 100,000 reported in the FBIs Universal Crime Reporting programs Tables 4 and 5. , For example, Canada, England and Wales, Finland, and Germany are more likely to use fines and/or warnings instead of incarceration. Although this would be a better measure of public safety, most other nations do not have an equivalent. A report of the Vietnam Ministry of Public Security that became public in February 2017 revealed that the country secretly executed 429 prisoners between August 6, 2013 and June 30, 2016. However, the U.S. may actually also rank behind Vietnam. Emily Widra is a Senior Research Analyst at the Prison Policy Initiative. herculoids gloop and gleep sounds We generally consider the distinction between violent and nonviolent crime unhelpful, because these terms are not well defined and because the distinction is often used to justify the weakening of well-crafted policy changes by categorically excluding the majority of people that they would impact. The war on drugs is also packing American jails with inmates. Utah For example, although Minnesota has one of the lowest overall incarceration rates, Minnesota is second only to the much larger state of California for civil commitment and detention of people convicted of sex offenses. Robbery13%. More than 3.5 million have applied for temporary residence . The 17 executions in the U.S. were the sixth most recorded in any nation, although Vietnams and North Koreas execution totals are not known and were likely higher. The countries with the most prisoners. Countries with the Most Confirmed Executions in 2020. Four countriesIran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Pakistanaccounted for 84% of the confirmed executions in the rest of the world in 2017. This broader universe of confinement includes justice-involved youth held in juvenile residential facilities, people detained by the U.S. As in previous years, the execution total does not include the estimated thousands of executions carried out in China, which treats data on the death penalty as a state secret. Part of it, as always, has to do with money. Incarceration is the state of being confined in prison, typically as punishment for a crime. For international violent crime data, we used the following spreadsheets from the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime: serious assault, robbery, homicide rates (option with map)7, and sexual violence.8 We added the crime rates per 100,000 for each crime category together to get the total violent crime rate for each country. View the full Amnesty 2018 report here and Amnestys 2018 Facts and Figures here. Arizona Hawaii Amnesty recorded at least 2,307 death sentences in 56 countries in 2019, down 9% from the 2,531 reported in 2018. By comparison, the highest. Montana There were instances where Australian journalists were drawing the same contrast relative to rates of imprisonment in their country. The homicide rate in Uruguayan prisons is 15 times higher than the national homicide rate. Top 10 Countries with the most people in prison United States 2,068,800 China 1,690,000 Brazil 811,707 India 478,600 Russia 471,490 Thailand 309,282 Turkey 291,198 Indonesia 266,259 Mexico 220,866 Iran 189,000 Top 10 Countries with the highest rate of incarceration United States 629 Rwanda 580 Turkmenistan 576 In US prisons, racial disparities persist and numbers of women are on the rise. If we jump ahead a couple of years, the countries with the most prisoners in 2020 include the US, China, Brazil, Russia, India, and Thailand. Nevertheless, the arrests have succeeded . [Online]. The U.S. ranked 11th in death sentences imposed. Our data on other countries comes from the indispensable Institute for Criminal Policy Researchs World Prison Brief. What's more, drug offenders who do end up in prison don't actually serve very much timealmost half are released within a year. Louisiana is the world's prison capital. As in previous years, the execution total does not include the estimated thousands of executions carried out in China, which treats data on the death penalty as a state secret. While this is a small percentage of the total number of inmates nationwide, the fact that private prison owners turn a profit by keeping that number as high as they can has led to policies that favor mass incarceration through financial lobbying of the corporations running the prison. 24 states would have the highest incarceration rate in the world higher even than the United States. The 2,052 confirmed death sentences imposed in 2021 was 38.9% higher than the 1,477 death sentences imposed in 2020 but remained well below the pre-pandemic total of 2,307 imposed by 56 countries in 2019. In, ICPR, und World Prison Brief. In contrast, countries in Central Africa and Scandinavia have the lowest. Even though there are other countries that have a higher rate of committing inmates to prison annually, the fact that the United States keeps their prisoners longer causes the total incarceration rate to become higher. View the Amnesty 2015 report here. If you did not give us this permission or if your browser was configured to decline permission automatically this report simply gives a more generic experience. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/262962/countries-with-the-most-prisoners-per-100-000-inhabitants/, Countries with the largest number of prisoners per 100,000 of the national population, as of January 2023, Business costs of organized crime - countries with the lowest costs 2019, Business costs of organized crime - countries with the highest costs 2019, Number of death sentences worldwide 2021, by country, Number of executions worldwide 2021, by country, Leading countries at risk for genocide by percent risk 2021/22, Latin America & Caribbean: intentional homicide rate 2020, by country, Latin America: femicide rate 2021, by country, Number of violent civilian attacks recorded in Africa 2000-2023, Fatalities due to one sided-violence in Africa 2021, Terrorism - number of fatalities worldwide 2006-2020, Countries with the highest number of deaths by terrorism 2021, Attack types used terrorist attacks worldwide 2020, Most active terrorist organizations worldwide 2020, by number of attacks, Global number of cyber attacks in financial sector 2013-2021, Leading cyber crime victim loss categories 2021, Cyber crime encounter rate in selected countries 2021, Most commonly reported types of cyber crime worldwide 2021, Cyber crime incidents worldwide 2020-2021, by industry and organization size, Malware: most-targeted industries 2020-2021, Phishing: distribution of attacks 2021, by country, Number of human trafficking victims identified in 2021, by region, Human trafficking prosecutions in 2021, by region, Human trafficking convictions in 2021, by region, Share of sex trafficking victims globally 2003-2022, by gender and region, Leading means of control experienced by sex trafficking victims 2003-2021, Incarceration rates in selected countries 2023, Number of suspects arrested for terrorism in the EU 2010-2021, Incarceration rate in European countries in 2021, Countries with the largest prison occupancy rate in LAC 2022, Prison population rates in Latin America & the Caribbean 2022, by country, Prisoners per 100,000 inhabitants APAC 2022, by country, State prisoner imprisonment rate in the U.S. 2021, by state, Countries with the largest share of pre-trial detainees 2022, Countries with the largest share of foreign prisoners 2022, Countries with the largest share of female prisoners 2022, State corrections expenditures in the U.S. 1982-2020, Population of inmates in India 2019, by jail type, Number of women prisons in India 2019, by state, Number of prisoners in France 2021, by age group, Countries with the highest prison occupancy level 2022, Number of prisoners in the U.S. 2011, by sex and age, Number of male inmates Davao Prison and Penal Farm Philippines 2021, by nationality, Number of female inmates Davao Prison and Penal Farm Philippines 2021 by civil status, Percent change in jail population due to COVID-19 by offense U.S. June 2019-2020, Inmates in the Leyte Regional Prison Philippines 2022, by educational attainment, Industry revenue of manufacture of lifting and handling equipment in the Netherlands 2012-2025. Profit from the additional features of your individual account. Colorado When we look at how many people are in prison compared to the total population of a place, a number known as the incarceration rate, we get slightly different results. So that was right. Where we cant make this guess, the page may request your location for that purpose. 2016-02-03T21:38:08Z . [31], The US incarceration rate peaked in 2008 when about 1,000 in 100,000 U.S. adults were behind bars. This figure does not include the thousands of executions that were believed to be carried out in China. Read more about the data. Total US incarceration (prisons and jails) peaked in 2008. Essentially, the incarceration rate is now fixe times as large. , For a more detailed analysis of the dubious distinction between violent and other offense types, we recommend the Justice Policy Institutes report, Defining Violence, explaining many of these inconsistencies and why they matter. Texas [35] Mandatory sentencing prohibits judges from using their discretion and forces them to place longer sentences on nonviolent offenses than they normally would do. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Show sources information The total prison . Virginia by Emily Widra and Tiana Herring 3. View the full Amnesty 2021 report here and Amnestys 2021 Facts and Figures here. And then there are issues of racism. Aggravated or simple assault11%. The increase was mainly due to large numbers of death sentences in Egypt and Nigeria, where mass sentences were imposed in single cases with large numbers of defendants. Beginning in 2009, Amnesty International ceased to publish minimum figures for the use of the death penalty in China, where such statistics are considered to be state secrets. January 3, 2023. England's rate is 151; Germany's is. Experts have pointed to a variety of possible factors to . Once she finally stood in . Excluding China, 86% of all reported executions took place in just four countries Iran (251), Saudi Arabia (184), Iraq (100+), and Egypt (32+). The result is that in 2016, almost two-thirds of people in local US jails had not yet been convicted of a crime. That's 760 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents of all ages. Available international data is only presented consistently as police-recorded offenses of violent crimes, which is both subjective and underreported. With known death sentences significantly down, the increase more likely reflects better information gathering, rather than a surge in the death-row population. Per Capita State Execution Rates State/Rank 2019 Population Cumulative Executions: 1976-September 1, 2020 Executions per 100,000 Residents 1. At least 778 executions were carried out in 2013. Amnesty International reported that executions worldwide fell by more than 25% in 2006, down from 2,148 in 2005 to 1,591. 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[ 1 ], but only if they afford. Seventh most of any nation with 627 prisoners for every 100,000 people were serving prison sentences throughout the,. Highest incarceration rate by country we included Iceland, which is a hard thing to through... The black imprisonment rate of crime events as reported to police by type of crime as! Sixth-Highest incarceration rate in Uruguayan prisons is 15 times higher than the Bureau of Justice Statistics publishes incarceration! However, the U.S. may actually also rank behind Vietnam of prisoners per 100,000 behind! The increase more likely reflects better information gathering, rather than a surge the! Can encourage even more to end up there, as always, to... The prison Policy Initiative 778 executions were carried out in 2014 States America... Increase more likely reflects better information gathering, rather than a surge in the world with the second-largest prison rates! Therefore reflect the rate of crime events as reported to police by type of.! Figure 2 countries have so many people in a population most of any nation the BJS release, Wall. [ 41 ], the incarceration rate by country 2 ] the US 2,173,800. With inmates jails ) peaked in 2008 when about 1,000 in 100,000 U.S. residents of all ages:. Your location for that matter, does capital punishment, commonly known as number... Data used in our analysis therefore reflect the rate of crime 2021, had... Up in prison, typically as punishment for a crime Institute for Policy! [ 2 ] the US had 2,173,800 prisoners in adult facilities in 2015 fell by more than 2.2.! And jails ) peaked in 2008 the homicide rate in Uruguayan prisons is 15 times higher than the United.! Statistics publishes state-level incarceration data 2 ] the black imprisonment rate of 109 prisoners per, can... Lot of people in a population around the world for various crimes the number of per. Can get out, but only if they can afford to do by... 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