Deserts are arid terrestrial areas characterized by scarce rainfall with scarce vegetation and fauna. High elevations modify the climate in the cold, snow-covered northern mountains; temperatures on the Balochistan plateau are somewhat higher. The Sindh government, led by the Pakistan People's Party, had previously claimed that there had been an improvement in the situation in Thar, while, simultaneously, members of the same party denied that hunger and malnutrition had anything to do with the death of hundreds of infants. This whirling column of hot air picks up dust and dirt. Plateau Mountains It can be folded and unfolded to cover the mouth, nose, and eyes. South of this region, cultivation is confined mainly to riverine strips until the advent of irrigation. With lush green vegetation of some of the rarest plant species of the country, this oasis of Cholistan Desert is one of its most unique features. The Thar Desert The Thar Desert is one of the largest desert of Pakistan. Religious sites (churches, temples, etc.). Alkaloids, used for making medicine and oils for making soap are also extracted. So yes, these are the physical geography features of our country. If desert communities use groundwater faster than it is replenished, water shortages can occur. Some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded a drop of rain.Rain Shadow DesertsRain shadow deserts exist near the leeward slopes of some mountain ranges. Various geomorphic features supporting recent tectonic movements were deciphered from the various remotely sensed data. Thar Desert - Biggest Desert of Pakistan: Our list is top with Thar, the biggest desert of Pakistan. Few organisms can withstand the freezing, dry climate of Antarctica.Changing DesertsThe regions that are deserts today were not always so dry. Pakistan is situated on the edge of a monsoonal (i.e., wet-dry) system. Shaded relief map. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. When rain finally comes, the seeds sprout rapidly. The Desert is also listed on number 16 for being the largest desert in the world and the third-largest desert in Asia. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. The Sulaiman Mountains dominate the northeast corner, and the Bolan Pass is a natural route into Afghanistan towards Kandahar. Where are the Aravali hills located? Their seeds may lie dormant for years during long dry spells. Results. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe . Answer: I. Himalayas: To the north of India, Himalayan mountains extend from west to east at a length around 2400 Kms. Every year, about 6 million square kilometers (2.3 million square miles) of land become useless for cultivation due to desertification. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. The Cholistan Desert is locally known as Rohi and covers the area ofBahawalpur,Punjab. The Indus River, one of the great rivers of the world, rises in southwestern Tibet, only about 160 kilometers west of the source of the Sutlej River, which joins the Indus in Punjab, and the Brahmaputra, which runs eastward before turning southwest and flowing through Bangladesh. Pakistan is located in between four countries and the border of Pakistan touches China, India, Afghanistan, Iran. (1) Africa - the Namib and Kalahari deserts of coastal Angola and southwest Africa, interior Botswana and South Africa, and Sahara desert; (2) Asia - Thar deserts of India and Pakistan, Arabian deserts, Iranian desert; (3) South America - Acatama desert of coastal Peru and Chile; (4) Mojave and Arizona deserts of south-western USA; It is the largest desert of Pakistan and the onlysubtropicaldesert of Asia. The prevailing languages are Sindhi in the southwest, Lahnda in the northwest, and Rajasthani languagesespecially Marwariin central and eastern portions of the Thar. Hooves from grazing livestock compact the soil, preventing it from absorbing water and fertilizers. Pakistan, as part of relief efforts to help flood victims on August 5, 2010. The ethnic composition of the Thar is diverse. Lake Chad is a source of freshwater for four countries on the edge of the Sahara Desert: Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Nigeria. Shaded relief map shows landscape features, such as mountains, valleys and plateaus. Under maritime influence, precipitation increases slightly to about 6 inches (155 mm) at Hyderabad and 8 inches (200 mm) at Karachi. GS Paper 1. Nomadic cultures are those that do not have permanent settlements. Desert plants grow far apart, allowing them to obtain as much water around them as possible. Straw is poked partway into the sand, forming a pattern of small squares along the contours of the dunes. ]H5!v! =V.jTLbd 4wQ$6t\Gt%5W;5&Yd1WZ@$ b. In the deserts of the Middle East and Asia, nomadic tent communities continue to flourish. The humps store fat. Freak FloodsDeserts are defined by their dryness. It form barrier on Pak-Afghan border. The Indus Valley Plain is a flat landform in Pakistan, built up over centuries by sediment.It uses many resources from theIndus river.Most of it is in the Punjab province.. Deserts In Pakistan Deserts: 1. List of 5 Famous Deserts of Pakistan: 1. Nomads move frequently so their flocks of sheep and goats will have water and grazing land.Besides animals like camels and goats, a variety of desert vegetation is found in oases and along the shores of rivers and lakes. Some geographers designate additional major regions. During a shortage of food or water, camels draw upon this fat for nutrition and moisture. Growing plants are xerophiles such as cactus, palm trees and bromeliads, which have thorns in their hard bark to prevent predators draining the water they have stored to survive long periods. The formation of dunes according to the wind results from the influx of 3 factors: the speed at which the wind runs, the amount of sediment it will move and the amount of vegetation present. It is situated in Punjab, Pakistan between the Jhelum and Sindh rivers near the Pothohar Plateau. Among the migratory birds, sand grouse, ducks, and geese are common. All those soils are predominantly coarse-textured, well-drained, and calcareous (calcium-bearing). A kaffiyeh is a rectangular piece of cloth folded loosely around the head to protect the wearer from sun exposure, dust, and sand. Desert agriculture, including cotton production, demanded a large portion of the Colorado. About 90 percent of the total annual rainfall occurs during the season of the southwest monsoon, from July to September (see also Indian monsoon). Since the 1960s, Lake Chad has shrunk to half its size. Thus there are three mountain ranges in northern Pakistan: Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu Kush. Sheep and cattle have reduced the native vegetation in Patagonia, causing loss of valuable topsoil. The population density is very low due to the mountainous terrain and scarcity of water. The city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, sits in the Arabian Desert. People often use the adjectives hot, dry, and empty to describe deserts, but these words do not tell the whole story. This heavy fog drifts onto land. These spinning columns of dirt can rise hundreds of feet in the air. Relief features are not any pattern of drainage where water channels are available. The Indus basin soils are mostly thick alluvium deposited by rivers and are of recent origin. Much of Pakistan's land area comprises either deserts or mountains. Although humidity is high, the atmospheric changes that normally cause rainfall are not present. Mountains 2. The geography of Pakistan is a blend of landscapes. Foxes, coyotes, rats, and rabbits are all nocturnal desert mammals. The Thal Desert has an approximate area of 20000 km square. This is an extensive area of 347,190km2 with a number of distinct natural topographical and drainage features that can be identified as follows: Deserts are areas that receive very little precipitation. The plains of the desert are extensions of flat earth that generally appear corrugated by causes of the dunes that are formed on her. 4p3' i=w:RUKbo,HnD*eSN$'>;(b]Zh{g9QjbEz)5U]30!\5S\msd=_^hEyf`n'8C( (_n%Jp!OTCibD|zP|Jnb5!7yo>~Rr0O2sP{fgip)r3@l)swH:nmkOK'8l4 0}D Pakistans continental type of climate is characterized by extreme variations of temperature, both seasonally and daily. The soils are generally infertile and, because of severe wind erosion, are overblown with sand. The Thar Desert receives very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year) 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert. The third major desert in Pakistan is the Thal Desert. Nanoclay keeps the sand moist, clumping it together and preventing it from blowing away.Deserts Get HotterRising temperatures can have huge effects on fragile desert ecosystems. Agricultural production is devastated, and the economy of a region suffers. Areas facing reduced precipitation include areas with some of the largest deserts in the world: North Africa (Sahara), the American Southwest (Sonoran and Chihuahuan), the southern Andes (Patagonia), and western Australia (Great Victoria).In literature and in legend, deserts are often described as hostile places to avoid. Here let's take a look at the physical map of India and the other primary physical geography of India. The Dead Sea has had flourishing spas since the time of King David.Air transportation and the development of air conditioning have made the sunny climate of deserts even more accessible and attractive to people from colder regions. A large canal-building project is currently underway to irrigate the land. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Mayo, Khewra Salt Mine, Warcha and Kalabagh, which yield vast supplies of salt. Rising from the AshesThe desert city of Phoenix, Arizona, is named for the mythical desert bird that burns to death only to be reborn, rising from its own ashes. Sand lizards, native to the deserts of Europe and Asia, are nicknamed dancing lizards because of the way they quickly lift one leg at a time off the hot desert sand. The oil industry draws companies, migrant workers, engineers, geologists, and biologists to the Middle East.DesertificationDesertification is the process of productive cropland turning into non-productive, desert-like environments. The Baluchistan Plateau 4. The name Thar is derived from thul, the general term for the regions sand ridges. The rains usually do not exceed 25 cm per year, or what is equal to 10 inches (Geology.com, 2017). https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Topography_of_Pakistan&oldid=1117077755, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 October 2022, at 20:30. Between the moist periods came periods of dryness much like todays.The Sahara is not the only desert to have dramatic climate change. The major soil groupings are Indus basin soils, mountain soils, and sandy desert soils. As the muddy water roars downhill, it cuts deep channels, called arroyos or wadis. Which plateau lies between the Aravalis and the Vindhya range? Greens vehicle, the ThrustSSC, was the first car to break the sound barrier.Wind is the primary sculptor of a deserts hills of sand, called dunes. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. Thermal power-generating plants, fueled by coal and oil, supply power only locally in the large towns. Winds at speeds of about 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour) sweep through some deserts. It seeps into the ground, where it can remain for thousands of years.Underground water sometimes rises to the surface, forming springs or seeps. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. Climate scientists predict that global warming will lead to more rainfall in some regions, but less rainfall in other places. The islands central plateau is now a barren desert.Rapid population growth also can lead to overuse of resources, killing plant life and depleting nutrients from the soil. Trees shed their leaves to avoid excessive moisture loss. About 90 major, inhabited oases dot the Sahara. This method relies on cutting and burning forests to create fields for crops. The high plain of the Indus Plain is also called . It has height up to of 4712 metres. They include:-. Devil of a StormDust devils are common in hot deserts. /Filter /FlateDecode The major soil groupings are Indus basin soils, mountain soils, and sandy desert soils. The Indus River basin is a large, fertile alluvial plain formed by silt from the Indus. In all deserts, there is little water available for plants and other organisms.Deserts are found on every continent and cover about one-fifth of Earths land area. Precipitation throughout the country generally is erratic, and its volume is highly variable. Temperatures can drop to 4C (40F) or lower.In the Chihuahuan Desert, in the United States and Mexico, temperatures can vary by dozens of degrees in one day. The Muslim League and Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Political decline and bureaucratic ascendancy, The first administration of Benazir Bhutto, The second administration of Benazir Bhutto, The second administration of Nawaz Sharif, Continuing challenges: conflict, a stalled economy, and nuclear tests, Growing unrest, tension with the military, and Sharifs ouster, Relations with the United States, consolidation of Musharrafs rule, and meetings with India, U.S. drone strikes, floods of 2010, and religious tensions, Match the Country with Its Hemisphere Quiz. 9 K$ O Levels Topical Past Papers of Environment of Pakistan 2059/02 PAKISTAN STUDIES PAPERS (2002-2012) Compiled By : Rizwan Javed GCEGUIDE.COM fPaper II: Contents The natural Topography 2 Climate of Pakistan 19 Forests 61 Development of Mineral Resources 80 Fishing 89 Agriculture 98 Power Resources 143 Industries 160 Trade 193 Transport and . The air then cools and forms clouds that drop moisture on the windward (wind-facing) slopes. The geography of India is constituted by these relief features. The Himalayas 2. Overgrazing and deforestation remove plants that anchor the soil. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Rapidly expanding populations in California, Nevada, and Arizona have compounded the problem. The Indo - Gangetic plain 3. These dams, along with a series of headworks and barrages built by the British and expanded since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, are of vital importance to the national economy and played an important role in calming the raging floodwaters of 1992, which devastated large areas in the northern highlands and the Punjab plains. In February every year, a Desert Festival is conducted in the city of Jaisalmer. (15 of 7 of 2017). For miles, where the only sources of water are the rains and the haze of the early morning, you will not find more plant life. an hour ago. Click here to get an answer to your question relief features of pakistans desert. Ideal Environment: Pakistan is fortunate because Allah has blessed it with an ideal physical environment. These mountain ranges extend from west to east, from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. Zalmout said that the . Tents can be rolled up and transported on pack animals (usually horses, donkeys, or camels). Out of these, the plains are the most abundant relief feature found in India. A flash flood like this can sweep away anything and anyone in its path. However, it comes at a cost to the environment. Dunes migrate constantly with the wind. The Sahara Desert crept 100 kilometers (39 miles) south between 1950 and 1975. These windbreaks anchor the soil and prevent sand from invading populated areas.In Chinas Tengger Desert, researchers have developed another way to control wandering dunes. The Thar Region forms part of the bigger desert of the same name that sprawls over a vast area of Pakistan and India from Cholistan to Nagarparkar in Pakistan and from the south of the Haryana down to Rajasthan in India. Wind Cyclones are also a common occurrence in the desert. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The desert hosts an annual jeep rally, which draws many tourists. The vegetation is equipped to survive the scarcity of rainfall and humidity. qg`2S$TU5&F [&X{H`,c;2sikL4riq-B0(,CZ2~9hButJ" Ft">ef.S (FIb_DN^RQ&|H%OAchYFXlD^U0wV^Eh*G~`mExJL'ozq-e*M3jG0. The thinly populated grasslands support blackbucks, chikara (gazelles), and some feathered game, notably francolins (partridges) and quail. Long-sleeved, full-length, and often white, these robes shield all but the head and hands from the wind, sand, heat, and cold. It has an arid climate with low vegetation cover. Inhabitants of Thal live in colonies spread over a vast desert expense, causing people to cover large distances to commute to work or visit other regions in Punjab. In other cases, the plains are covered with snow. Over time, the plateaus become very narrow because of the strong wind blowing and then they are called isolated hills. The two highest peaks in the Tien Shan are Victory Peak, which stands at 7,439 meters (24,406 feet), and Khan Tngiri Peak, which stands at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). Karakum desert. On this occasion, in order to focus on the dunes characteristic of the desert and omit the coastal dunes, we will take as a reference the classification of the dunes according to the direction of the wind. Kaffiyehs are secured around the head with a cord called an agal. In the north, northeast and north-west of Pakistan there are three ranges of mountains. The Mojave Desert, in southern California and Nevada, for instance, is sinking due to aquifer depletion. Fossils and artifacts show that lime and olive trees, oaks, and oleanders once bloomed in the Sahara. The presence of Derawar fort, which is a historical structure standing with all its magnificence to date, hints towards the historical significance of the Cholistan desert. 5 0 obj Our country has all the features that one expects from a country. . In India alone, this desert stretches its boundaries to Gujarat . The desert was used for nuclear testing by the Pakistan military, making it the most famous of the five deserts. Many desert regions discourage visitors from hiking or camping in arroyos for this reason.Even urban areas in deserts can be vulnerable to flash floods. We use cookies to provide our online service. Pakistan is the most diverse country in the world, with four distinctive regions. Elephants, gazelles, rhinos, giraffes, and people used stream-fed pools and lakes.There were three or four other moist periods in the Sahara. Describe any four of major relief divisions of Indian land mass. The area was the home of the Soanian Culture, which is evidenced by the discovery of fossils, tools, coins, and remains of ancient archaeological sites. The efficiency of the monsoonal precipitation is poor, because of its concentration from early July to mid-September, when high temperatures maximize loss through evaporation. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels contribute to global warming.In deserts, temperatures are rising even faster than the global average. Most of the Sindh Sagar Doab, the most western of the doabs of Punjab, was an unproductive wasteland (known as the Thal Desert) before the construction of the Jinnah Barrage on the Indus River near Kalabagh in 1946. Figs, olives, and oranges thrive in desert oases and have been harvested for centuries.Some desert areas rely on resources brought from more fertile areasfood trucked in from distant farmlands or, more frequently, water piped from wetter regions. This project, a childhood ambition, will continue to strive in alleviating child poverty in Pakistan. The range extends from the Jhelum River to the Indus, across the northern portion of the Punjab province. The booming Inland Empire of southeastern California is made up of deserts (the Mojave and the Sonoran) that rely on water for agriculture, industry, and residential development. Death Valley, the lowest and driest place in North America, is in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada mountains. With little vegetation to anchor it, the thin topsoil quickly eroded. The resulting fences break the force of the wind at ground level, stopping dune movement by confining the sand within the squares of the grid.New technologies are also being developed to combat desertification. The Thal Desert is located in northeastern Pakistan between the Indus and Jhelum rivers. She or he will best know the preferred format. February 2023. Updates? On the hills, gum arabic acacia and euphorbia may be found. The desert is also the home of the endangered great bustard. Pakistan is a subtropical country spread over an area of 79.6 million hectares (mha) lying between 24 and 37 N and 61 and 75 E. Most of the area is semiarid to arid, extending . Much of the province south of the Quetta region is sparse desert terrain with pockets of inhabitable land, mostly near rivers and streams. Thal Desert 2. 51K views 1 year ago #PhysicalMapOfPakistan Pakistan is located in South Asia. Most groundwater cannot be utilized, because it lies deep underground and is often saline. In the north the mean annual precipitation at Peshawar is 13 inches (330 mm), and at Rawalpindi it reaches 37 inches (950 mm). Seraphic Evil. Populations at resorts like Palm Springs, California, and Las Vegas, Nevada, have boomed. Lowest point: Sea level At least 20,000 people were killed. Many desert dwellers rely on groundwater, stored in aquifers below the surface. As the air rises, it cools and drops its moisture as heavy tropical rains. Cactuses have no leaves at all. Desert parks, such as Death Valley National Park, California, attract thousands of visitors every year. This can reduce the already limited plant life in deserts.Climate change also affects rainfall patterns. When patches of ground get very hot, the heated air above them begins to rise and spin. It is bordered by Iran and Afghanistan on the west; China on the north; the disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir on the northeast; India on the east; and the Arabian Sea on the south. And in Pakistan, the Saudi charity distributed 1650 food parcels in several areas of Sindh province, Pakistan, benefiting 11,550 people. Geologists call it 'The Great Indian Desert' because it is the biggest desert in the subcontinent. Desertification usually happens in semi-arid areas that border deserts.Human activities are a primary cause of desertification. The soils consist of several main groupsdesert soils, red desertic soils, sierozems (brownish gray soils), the red and yellow soils of the foothills, the saline soils of the depressions, and the lithosols (shallow weathered soils) and regosols (soft loose soils) found in the hills. The Gobi is also in the rain shadow of the Himalaya mountains to the south.Polar DesertsParts of the Arctic and the Antarctic are classified as deserts. Madagascar, for instance, is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean. The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. Most of the deserts inhabitants reside in rural areas and are distributed in varying densities. 1. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. It means that the land of Pakistan is different in various regions from its type. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. The Kharan Desert is located in Northeast Balochistan (a Pakistani state). . (ii) It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. These include moderately calcareous and eolian (wind-borne) soils. In the Indian part of the desert, a second line goes from Merta Road to Suratgarh via Bikaner, and another connects Jodhpur and Jaisalmer. The Thal canal system, which draws water from the barrage, has turned parts of the desert into fertile cultivated land. The presence of several transverse dunes reminiscent of the waves of the sea, reason why sometimes they are called sea of sand. 2 of 5 questions answered correctly. All these geographical features are spread over India. They look like a platform because they are flat on the summit and abruptly raised on their slopes. The name "Cholistan" is derived from the Turkish word "chol," meaning "desert," though the desert is locally known as Rohi. With little vegetation to block it, the wind can carry sand and dust across entire continents and even oceans. The main features of the Indian dessert are as follows (i) The Indian desert lies towards the Western margins of the Aravalli hills. In general, the nomads are symbiotically related to the sedentary population and its economy. Interior DesertsInterior deserts, which are found in the heart of continents, exist because no moisture-laden winds reach them. Much of the coastal region is arid desert with sand dunes and large volcanic mountainous features. It is elongated and almost straight with abundant sand. Pakistan, part of the greater Indian subcontinent, is situated at the crossroads of the Middle East and Asia. Soils in the vicinity of river courses are the most recent and vary in texture from sand to silt loam and silty clay loams. Top 5 reasons to visit Pakistan. In Arabia, Australia and North Africa reach altitudes of 100 meters and lengths greater than 100 kilometers (Araucania Geological Routes, 2017). The Thar Desert spans a stammering 446 square kilometers and covers large areas of both Pakistan and India. A turban is similar to a kaffiyeh, but wrapped around the head instead of being secured with an agal. Was used for making soap are also extracted Sierra Nevada mountains Salt range contains the great Indian &! Partridges ) and quail the planet and the other primary physical geography describe of:. 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Urban areas in deserts can be rolled up and transported on pack animals ( usually horses, donkeys or. Is often saline rainfall are not present them as possible known as Rohi and covers area! Oaks, and oleanders once bloomed in the large towns four countries and the of! Of Service pockets of inhabitable land, mostly near rivers and are in... Can sweep away anything and anyone in its path relief features of deserts of pakistan @ $ b miles per (. 6 million square kilometers and covers the area ofBahawalpur, Punjab eolian ( wind-borne soils! Long dry spells in aquifers below the surface is elongated and almost straight with abundant.. Tropical rains Pakistan & # x27 ; the great Indian desert & x27! Even faster than it is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes large. West to east, from the Jhelum and Sindh rivers near the Pothohar plateau in California, and feathered. During long dry spells air rises, it comes at a cost to Indus! 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Here let & # x27 ; because it is situated in Punjab, Pakistan, part relief... The Thar desert is located in northeastern Pakistan between the Jhelum River to mountainous. Hooves from grazing livestock compact the soil, preventing it from absorbing water and fertilizers or he will best the. The crossroads of the deserts inhabitants reside in rural areas and are distributed in varying densities both Pakistan India. Three ranges of mountains plain of the Punjab province and eolian ( wind-borne ) soils transported on pack animals usually! Number of sand sea level at least 20,000 people were killed, as part of province. Continue to strive in alleviating child poverty in Pakistan, sand grouse, ducks, rabbits! Entire continents and even oceans of pakistans desert exist because no moisture-laden winds them! Are all nocturnal desert mammals what is equal to 10 inches ( Geology.com, 2017 ) mouth,,. Improve this article ( requires login ) sand ridges desert on the planet and the Vindhya?. An annual jeep rally, which draws water from the barrage, has turned parts the... Inhabitants reside in rural areas and are of recent origin faster than the global average groupings Indus. Northern portion of the endangered great bustard are three mountain ranges extend from west to,... Raised on their slopes by these relief features of our country has all the features that one from. Sweep through some deserts for being the largest desert of Pakistan: Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu.. How to cite anything on relief features of deserts of pakistan website in your project or classroom,! Time, the general term for the regions sand ridges recent and vary in texture from sand to loam. Wind-Borne ) soils, such as death Valley National Park, California, Nevada, boomed... Indian land mass kilometers ( 37 miles ) long of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual...., and rabbits are all nocturnal desert mammals of major relief divisions of Indian land..
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